The Global War on Terror is an ideological war being fought in the environment indicative of fourth generation warfare. Propaganda bypasses traditional defenses and strikes right at the center of gravity - popular support. In a modern war of...
The Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire was a classic example of a successful insurgency. Though it occurred 2,000 years ago, it contains many elements of modern leftist insurgencies. The conflict demonstrates that the nature of...
In the spring of 1999, NATO conducted an eleven-week bombing campaign to end the repression in Kosovo. Since then, 1,300,000 refugees have returned to their homes and villages. The United Nations has established the United Nations Interim...
The attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon left the American public in a state of anguish and anger. With the debris still smoldering in the streets of New York, Bush stated that the United States and all those who want global peace...
In the past three decades, one country has stood out more than any other in opposing the United States' efforts in the Middle East: Iran. To counter Iranian influences in the Middle East, the United States has adopted a stance of containment...
Sustainable peace in the Western Balkans still remains to be desired. Ethnic impatience and nationalistic extremism are still strong and capable of ruining the peace achieved. Further engagement of the International Community is critical to...
Many lessons from the Multinational Force and Observer (MFO) mission to the Sinai and the Multinational Force II (MNFII) mission to Lebanon are relevant for future U.S. peacekeeping operations in Israel and the Occupied Territories (OT). A final...
With Presidential elections in both the United States and Iran occurring within eight months of each other, one can suspect major changes in the political environment. This environment is not just the relationship between the U.S. and Iran, but the...
The U.S. military has endured failures in the areas of understanding and performance of cultural awareness. The military must continue to prepare its warriors in order to be fully aware of the cultural environment that they will face during...
The purpose behind this monograph was to explore the moral level of war in the context of Operation Iraqi Freedom and the larger framework of counterinsurgency operations. Operation Iraqi Freedom is a war fought in the moral realm and the resulting...
There are many critics who have concluded that the US Government has not successfully conducted communication with its public during the current, persistent conflict, but perhaps one of the earliest was Ted Koppel. In 2001, responding to a question...
If strategists do not follow Clausewitz’s lead as a critical historian, then they risk failure by founding future policy, strategy, and operations on Kosovo myths. One must ask, was Operation Allied Force a rational use of military power to...
Americans readily identify Muslim extremism as a viable threat to America. However, they ignore or remain unaware of Christian extremism in the same context, despite the similarities in ideology that advocate violence against Americans. For...
This monograph analyzes the common cause of the three incidents, Balangiga, No Gun Ri, and My Lai and discusses implications for the U.S. Army to prevent such incidents from recurring. The Balangiga incident took place in the last quarter of 1901,...
This monograph discusses the application of information operations to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of peace missions ranging from peacekeeping to peace imposition. Using a variety of models and an examination of the components of...
In many respects, America’s military, economic and diplomatic situation in 1991 resembled Great Britain’s in 1919. Rather than reduce global commitments, the end of the Cold War saw an increase in a number of global interests, many which would...
Is it important for military professional Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs’) of the United States Army to take time out of the busy schedules to study military history. Looking back over history we can see trends that have occurred which an NCO...
An initial historical review of the Balkans provides the setting to help one understand what led to America's involvement in the region. Later the book provides an excellent summary of the Bosnia and Kosovo regions and the consequent US presence...
Since 11 September 2001, Americans have asked why America is hated by Arab Muslims. Analysts have offered a variety of explanations but few have identified the basis for this growing anti-American sentiment throughout the Arab Muslim world. This...