As some projections indicate, over 90% of the U.S. Army's future operations will be what many refer to as low intensity conflict. A significant portion of these operations will be either peacekeeping or peace enforcement operations. Recognizing the...
Irving Janis introduced the theory of groupthink in his classic study Victims of Groupthink in 1972. He attempted to determine why groups, often consisting of individuals with exceptional intellect and talent, made irrational decisions. He...
This monograph examines whether or not mechanized forces should be included in today's peacekeeping operations. Traditional peacekeeping operations (pre- 1988) called for a force structure requiring large numbers of light infantry augmented by...
Reconciliation remains an elusive concept in both domestic and international contexts as well as academic and governmental contexts. The military role in reconciliation remains even more elusive. As such, this monograph seeks to clarify what the...
Focusing efforts toward building security force capability without increasing state capacity is an ineffective strategy to achieve government victory in civil war. The purpose of this monograph is to advance and test the hypothesis that...
This paper examines the development of selected peace operations doctrines. The concept of peacekeeping was first articulated by United Nations (UN) Secretary General Dag Hammarskkjold and manifests itself in the Nordic model of traditional...
This monograph addresses whether current peace enforcement doctrine (the threat or use of force to compel compliance, in order to maintain or restore peace and support political settlement) is inclusive of historical (ancient) principles. By...
Changes in the operating environment have resulted in a fundamental change to the shape and nature of peace operations (PO). The result is that PO have become closer in nature to intervention operations, with a focus on peace enforcement...
This monograph examines the considerations involved in maintaining a peacekeeping force in the Golan Heights. The examination is based on the assumption that Israel and Syria have reached an agreement concerning the Golan Heights and that the...
Soldiers lay their lives on the line to protect and defend not only the constitution of the United States, but also their buddies and unit. When they are seriously injured in combat, it is natural for leaders of that unit to feel grateful and...
Soldiers lay their lives on the line to protect and defend not only the constitution of the United States, but also their buddies and unit. When they are seriously injured in combat, it is natural for leaders of that unit to feel grateful and...
Group dynamics have been a topic of interest and research that has puzzled generations and continues to captivate the experts. Twenty-five years ago, Irving Janis, professor of psychology at Yale, first presented his theory of groupthink. Janis...
The United Kingdom’s Joint Warfare Publication on Peace Support Operations stresses the need for effective liaison in order to prevent misunderstanding, friction, opposition and escalation of the conflict. Beyond this doctrinal support, little...
The 1983 Beirut bombing marks a turning point for military commanders who must now continually assess force protection measures while involved in Stability and Support Operations (SASO). Since 1983, the United States military has participated in...
The focus of this monograph is the evaluation of the principles of Operations Other Than War (OOTW) as listed in the June 1993 edition of U, S. Army Field Manual 100-5 in peacekeeping operations. Military commanders and decision makers must...
This paper examines the US Army approach to peace support operations. It reviews the trends in Army doctrine and analyzes their historical foundations from the Cold War in order to determine the accuracy and relevance of the Army approach for its...
The U.S. involvement in Afghanistan and Iraq demonstrates that in the twenty-first century the U.S. will become more involved in stability operations as it continues to deny sanctuaries for transnational and non-state threats. The reprioritizing of...
This monograph investigates the reasons for the lack of coordination and combined effort between political leadership, military engagement and humanitarian activity during a humanitarian intervention. It analyses basic principles to successfully...
In the spring of 1999, NATO conducted an eleven-week bombing campaign to end the repression in Kosovo. Since then, 1,300,000 refugees have returned to their homes and villages. The United Nations has established the United Nations Interim...