The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), made up of six monarchies geographically adjacent within the Arabian Gulf area, invited both the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Kingdom of Morocco into its organization in May 2011. The timing coincided with...
The last major conquest of the 16th century Spanish period of expansion was the Philippines--a subject that has received little attention and scholarship. This study takes an ethnohistoric approach to explore the issues of how the Spaniards brought...
Many Americans associate the fall of Rome with Alaric and the Visigoths and other warrior peoples from the north, but serious students understand that Rome’s decline was slow and from within. Ralph Peters writes, “In its confident years, the...
This paper examines the role of British intelligence operations during the American Revolutionary War as they apply to the British defeat at Yorktown. It begins with a brief history of British intelligence prior to the war, discusses strategic...
Iran in the 1950s was in the cross hairs of the Cold War power struggle between the US and USSR. Strategically located, Iran became critical in the foreign policy endeavors of the Eisenhower Administration in the Middle East. After the decision to...
Nepal, geo-strategically located between India and China, must have appropriate relations with both countries. Prior to 2006, Nepal's monarch maintained a generally balanced approach in dealing with India and China even though in practice Nepal had...
This study shows that thirteenth century Mongol warfare is an example of emerging operational art. There is significant debate on the origins of operational art. The School of Advanced Military Studies (SAMS) advances two arguments. Both arguments...
The purpose of this monograph is to search for, identify, and discuss the emergence of elements of operational art during the Napoleonic wars. James Schneider has tied the emergence of operational art to the technological advances of the industrial...
On the surface, the Battle of Hastings might appear to be just another conflict of many in the history of England to decide who would rule England. In a sense this is true. However, the final result was that, under William, more than under any...
This study traces the historical origins, evolution, and continuing influence of liberal and conservative political ideology on American Defense policy. The study concentrates on a comparison of the periods 1783-1800, the military debates of the...
This monograph examines the dynamic relationships between the strategic, operational, and tactical levels. Current Army doctrine in FM 100-5, Operations depicts the relationships of the levels with a vertical hierarchy, defining the operational...
This monograph examines time estimation at the operational level of war. The study begins with a review of Classical Military Theory to identify the theoretical basis for time estimation. It next examines the Theory of Operational Art to discern...
This monograph examines the phenomenon of the disproportionate volunteerism of members of Delaware's Presbyterian Ulster-Scot community in the sole Regiment from Delaware to join the Continental Army. It posits Ulster-Scots represented a majority...
The United States is now in the eighth year of the Global War on Terror (GWOT). For America, the war began with the surprise attacks against targets in Washington D.C. and New York City on September 11, 2001. For al Qaeda, the war began centuries...
The emergence of non-state actors and sub-national entities on the world stage has presented the established international system with challenges for which it is ill equipped to handle. The historical inclination to resort to military force when...
The fundamental root cause behind the military defeat of Poland in 1939 is not the result of fighting the combined armies of Germany and the Soviet Union. Rather, the failure is attributed to Poland's political hubris of pursuing its strategic...
This study examines the U.S. Military Commission sent by the Secretary of War to observe the Crimean War in 1855 and 1856, to determine why the commission was sent, where it went, and the results achieved by the commissions efforts. A survey of the...
The purpose of this cross-cultural, comparative study is to develop a mid-range theory of the politicization of the military in monarchies and to offer explanations for exceptions to the theory. Three North African societies, Libya, Morocco, and...